Synthetic biology is a multidisciplinary field that comprises engineering and biology. This subject gathers various aspects from computer engineering, genetic engineering, molecular engineering, biotechnology, systems biology, electrical engineering, evolutionary biology, control engineering and molecular biology. These aspects are applied by synthetic biology with the aim to develop biological systems that are artificial for research, medical applications engineering purposes. The definition of synthetic biology relies on how an individual approaches it.
In the recent times, the part of chemical and electric engineering has become imperative as it is considered to be the subspace of biology. It is believed by Jan Staman Director of the Rathenau Institute in The Hague that synthetic biology is a latest arising scientific branch where nanotechnology and biotechnology come together and enhance each other. The interpretation of synthetic biology is argued widely among engineers, human scientists, natural scientists, politics and arts.
As using the term has augmented to various multidisciplinary branches, recently synthetic biology has been described as the artificial construction and engineering of the systems of biology and living creatures for the purpose of enhancing operations for research of biology.
Engineering
Engineers prospect biology as particular systems biological engineering or biotechnology. Synthetic biology contains the wide interpretation and enlargement of biotechnology, with the primary aim of having the ability to create and develop engineered systems of biology that provide food and improve human health and the environment, manipulate chemicals, give out information, produce energy and assemble structures and materials. The studies in synthetic biology can be divided into wide categories in accord to the steps taken to solve the current issue. Bimolecular engineering contains steps that have a certain goal of developing a toolkit of operational units that can be initiated for advanced technological operations. Genetic engineering contains steps that build-up chromosomes that are synthetic for complete or basic organisms. All of these steps share a common function of creating a more synthetic being and at high level of ramification.
Major Permissive Technologies
Numerous permissive technologies are imperative for the development of synthetic biology. The main concept involves standardization of biological sections and hierarchic contemplation to allow the utilization of those sections in immensely complicated synthetic systems. Accomplishing this is highly supported by technologies of fabrication and sequencing DNA. Other important aspects of permissive technologies include DNA synthesis, standardized DNA parts, modular protein assembly and DNA sequencing.
Synthetic biology is useful for application in various aspects like Synthetic Life; which is an artificial life that is created with the biomolecules, Cell transformation; where cells are transferred by inserting new DNA, Synthetic genetic pathways, Information storage; wherein scientists are able to store large amount of information in strand of DNA, Designed proteins; which is a project designed to replicate or enhance existing proteins. And Biosensors; which have the ability to report activities in the ambience like the presence of toxins or metals.